General Information of the Drug (ID: M6ADRUG0082)
Name
GLS-IN-968
Synonyms
Compound 968; 5-[3-bromo-4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-2,2-dimethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydrobenzo[a]phenanthridin-4(1H)-one; CHEBI:60279; GLS-IN-968; 5-(3-bromo-4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydrobenzo[a]phenanthridin-4(1H)-one; 5-[3-bromo-4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-2,2-dimethyl-1,3,5,6-tetrahydrobenzo[a]phenanthridin-4-one; 5-[3-Bromo-4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-2,2-dimethylbenzo[a]phenanthridin-4(1H)-one; GAC Inhibitor 968; MLS006011732; SCHEMBL2635251; CHEMBL2133369; DTXSID90389215; GLS-968; HMS3865C03; BCP18024; EX-A2335; Glutaminase Inhibitor Compound 968; Glutaminase C-IN-1; Compound 968; QC-219; AKOS000518068; CS-4585; MCULE-7842076917; NCGC00263232-01; NCGC00263232-02; BS-16481; HY-12682; SMR003863855; EU-0084810; Y11333; AG-690/36107028; Q27127161; 5-[3-Bromo-4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-2,2-dimethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydrobenzo[a]phenanthridine-4(1H)-one
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Status Investigative [1]
Structure
Formula
C27H27BrN2O
InChI
InChI=1S/C27H27BrN2O/c1-27(2)14-19-24-18-8-6-5-7-16(18)9-11-21(24)29-26(25(19)23(31)15-27)17-10-12-22(30(3)4)20(28)13-17/h5-13,26,29H,14-15H2,1-4H3
InChIKey
NVFRRJQWRZFDLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID
3099980
TTD Drug ID
,
Full List of m6A Targets Related to This Drug
Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 (ATF4)
In total 2 item(s) under this target gene
Experiment 1 Reporting the m6A-centered Drug Response by This Target Gene [2]
Response Summary In colorectal cancer, Glutaminolysis inhibition upregulated ATF4 expression in an m6A-dependent manner to activate pro-survival autophagy through transcriptional activation of the mTOR inhibitor DDIT4. Determined the relationship between FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase (FTO), YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 2 (YTHDF2), and ATF4. ATF4 transcriptionally upregulated DDIT4 to suppress Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 (ATF4), which induced pro-survival autophagy during glutaminolysis inhibition.
Responsed Disease Colorectal cancer ICD-11: 2B91
Target Regulator YTH domain-containing family protein 2 (YTHDF2) READER
Target Regulation Down regulation
Pathway Response mTOR signaling pathway hsa04150
Cell Process RNA decay
Cell growth and death
Cell autophagy
In-vitro Model HCT 116 Colon carcinoma Homo sapiens CVCL_0291
SW480 Colon adenocarcinoma Homo sapiens CVCL_0546
Experiment 2 Reporting the m6A-centered Drug Response by This Target Gene [2]
Response Summary In colorectal cancer, Glutaminolysis inhibition upregulated ATF4 expression in an m6A-dependent manner to activate pro-survival autophagy through transcriptional activation of the mTOR inhibitor DDIT4. Determined the relationship between FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase (FTO), YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 2 (YTHDF2), and ATF4. ATF4 transcriptionally upregulated DDIT4 to suppress Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 (ATF4), which induced pro-survival autophagy during glutaminolysis inhibition.
Responsed Disease Colorectal cancer ICD-11: 2B91
Target Regulator Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) ERASER
Pathway Response mTOR signaling pathway hsa04150
Cell Process RNA decay
Cell growth and death
Cell autophagy
In-vitro Model HCT 116 Colon carcinoma Homo sapiens CVCL_0291
SW480 Colon adenocarcinoma Homo sapiens CVCL_0546
Neutral amino acid transporter B(0) (SLC1A5)
In total 1 item(s) under this target gene
Experiment 1 Reporting the m6A-centered Drug Response by This Target Gene [3]
Response Summary Genetic inactivation of FTO using multiple orthogonal approaches revealed that FTO inhibition selectively reduces the growth and survival of VHL-deficient cells in vitro and in vivo. Integrated analysis of transcriptome-wide m6A-seq and mRNA-seq analysis identified the glutamine transporter Neutral amino acid transporter B(0) (SLC1A5) as an FTO target that promotes metabolic reprogramming and survival of VHL-deficient ccRCC cells. GLS1 inhibitors that target mitochondrial glutaminase and the conversion of glutamine to glutamate are currently being evaluated in early-phase clinical trials in ccRCC. These findings identify FTO as a potential HIF-independent therapeutic target for the treatment of VHL-deficient renal cell carcinoma.
Responsed Disease Renal cell carcinoma ICD-11: 2C90
Target Regulator Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) ERASER
Target Regulation Up regulation
Pathway Response Central carbon metabolism in cancer hsa05230
HIF-1 signaling pathway hsa04066
Central carbon metabolism in cancer hsa05230
Metabolic pathways hsa01100
VEGF signaling pathway hsa04370
In-vitro Model UMRC2-vec (CCRCC isogenic cell lines that are VHL-deficient)
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR (MTOR)
In total 2 item(s) under this target gene
Experiment 1 Reporting the m6A-centered Drug Response by This Target Gene [2]
Response Summary In colorectal cancer, Glutaminolysis inhibition upregulated ATF4 expression in an m6A-dependent manner to activate pro-survival autophagy through transcriptional activation of the mTOR inhibitor DDIT4. Determined the relationship between FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase (FTO), YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 2 (YTHDF2), and ATF4. ATF4 transcriptionally upregulated DDIT4 to suppress Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR (MTOR), which induced pro-survival autophagy during glutaminolysis inhibition.
Responsed Disease Colorectal cancer ICD-11: 2B91
Target Regulator YTH domain-containing family protein 2 (YTHDF2) READER
Target Regulation Up regulation
Pathway Response mTOR signaling pathway hsa04150
Autophagy hsa04140
Cell Process RNA decay
Cell growth and death
Cell autophagy
In-vitro Model HCT 116 Colon carcinoma Homo sapiens CVCL_0291
SW480 Colon adenocarcinoma Homo sapiens CVCL_0546
Experiment 2 Reporting the m6A-centered Drug Response by This Target Gene [2]
Response Summary In colorectal cancer, Glutaminolysis inhibition upregulated ATF4 expression in an m6A-dependent manner to activate pro-survival autophagy through transcriptional activation of the mTOR inhibitor DDIT4. Determined the relationship between FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase (FTO), YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 2 (YTHDF2), and ATF4. ATF4 transcriptionally upregulated DDIT4 to suppress Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR (MTOR), which induced pro-survival autophagy during glutaminolysis inhibition.
Responsed Disease Colorectal cancer ICD-11: 2B91
Target Regulator Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) ERASER
Pathway Response mTOR signaling pathway hsa04150
Autophagy hsa04140
Cell Process RNA decay
Cell growth and death
Cell autophagy
In-vitro Model HCT 116 Colon carcinoma Homo sapiens CVCL_0291
SW480 Colon adenocarcinoma Homo sapiens CVCL_0546
References
Ref 1 Glutaminase inhibitor compound 968 inhibits cell proliferation and sensitizes paclitaxel in ovarian cancer. Am J Transl Res. 2016 Oct 15;8(10):4265-4277. eCollection 2016.
Ref 2 Targeting ATF4-dependent pro-survival autophagy to synergize glutaminolysis inhibition. Theranostics. 2021 Jul 25;11(17):8464-8479. doi: 10.7150/thno.60028. eCollection 2021.
Ref 3 The m(6)A RNA demethylase FTO is a HIF-independent synthetic lethal partner with the VHL tumor suppressor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Sep 1;117(35):21441-21449. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2000516117. Epub 2020 Aug 19.